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Overview of HIS, RIS and PACS Hospital Information System (HIS), refers to the solution that automates and streamlines the clinical, financial, administrative and supply-chain functions of a healthcare enterprise and enables the healthcare providers to improve their operational effectiveness, reduce costs and medical errors and enhancing quality of patient care. HIS uses a network of computers to collect, process, and retrieve patient care and administrative information for all hospital activities. Clinical areas like laboratory, phlebotomy, cardiology, radiology etc. can be completely automated with a Hospital Information system. Radiology Information System (RIS) is an interconnected system of computers that assists healthcare providers to store, manipulate and retrieve radiological images and information. Some of the areas that can be addressed by Radiology Information Systems are Patient Management, Patient Tracking, Results Reporting,scheduling, Film tracking etc and a radiology information systems commonly supports the features like radiology department workflow management,request and document scanning, result(s) entry, interactive documents, technical files creation etc.. Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) enables images such as x-rays and scans to be stored and viewed electronically on screens instead of traditional film-based image processing and helps doctors and healthcare experts to access and compare images easily. It results in more efficient and improved diagnosis. PACS extracts images from medical modalities like Computed Tomography(CT), Ultrasound, Digital Radiography (DR), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), then stores, processes and retrieves when required. Need and means of integration Though RIS, PACS and Hospital information systems (HIS) are interdependent systems which offers workflow efficiency to the healthcare undertakings, the interfaces used by these systems are not compatible with each other. PACS uses Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) standards, while HIS and RIS uses the Health Level Seven (HL-7, one of several American National Standards Institute (ANSI)-accredited Standards Developing Organizations). While PACS are oriented towards data access and the manipulation of large sets of static image data sets, RIS are transaction oriented system which deals with dynamic information for a limited volume of data. In order to overcome the limitations of interoperability of HIS/RIS/PACS, the Hospital Information Management Systems Society (HIMSS) and the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) jointly established a movement in 1997, called Integrating the Health Care Enterprise (IHE). IHE provides frameworks by which existing standards are to be used. The IHE recognizes HL7, DICOM, and Clinical Context Object Work group (CCOW) and other established standards. The primary objective of this initiative was to provide end-users improved access to clinical and patient information across all systems within the healthcare environment. They also collect case requirements, identifies available standards, and develops technical guidelines that manufacturers can implement. IHE committees follow the four-step annual process to address interoperability in the following clinical domains like, Patient Care Coordination, Patient Care Devices, Quality, Research and Public Health, Radiation Oncology, Radiology, Anatomic Pathology,Eye Care, IT Infrastructure, Laboratory etc.. The major services offered by IHE are, * Domain Committees-In order to meet critical interoperability Needs * IHE Integration Profiles-Provides framework for interoperability * IHE Connectathons- To test interoperability and conformance * Product Registry and User Handbooks-Instructions for purchasers and implementers There are several benefits from the integration of RIS /HIS/PACS like reduced data inconsistency resulting from manual data entry, improved diagnostic workflow, less sophistication of work etc..Integration improves service to patients and physicians and it increases efficiency.It also promotes modernization of imaging and information systems and enables interaction between multiple systems. The following are some of the PACS vendors with IHE support * RadInfo Systems * GE Healthcare * Philips Healthcare * Visage Imaging * Impac Software
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Amji khan is a copywriter of Radiology Modalities. For more details just click PACS,RIS,HIS.
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