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Accutane is a member of the drug class known as retinoids, which have been demonstrated to affect the way the body reads genes. Use of the drug while pregnant is known to harm fetuses and reduce the quantity of brain cells that they produce. This is why precautions are taken to ensure that female who are pregnant or who can become pregnant do not use the drug. However, recent studies suggest that brain-cell generation can be equally important in adolescents and adults. Scientists at the University of Baths and the University of Texas in Austin express Accutane can also interfere with the body's production of the mood hormone serotonin. While evidence from the more than 13 million consumers of Accutane worldwide suggests that only 5 to 10 percent experience from side effects, retinoids have also been involved in connections to Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, so specialists are eager to know how the drug works. Depression Linked to Acne Treatment Acne treatment with the drug isotretinoin (Accutane) has been implicated in an elevation in feelings of depression among adolescent users, and while the link has never been demonstrated, researchers have collected evidence through an animal study. Although researcher Dr. Sarah Bailey noted that it is not possible to ask a mouse if it is depressed, its behaviour can be analyzed and modeled through two tests. The first includes causing the young mice to experience stress by forcing it to swim, while the other one induces stress by suspending the mice by its tail. Acne Cure Tested for Side Effects Normally, a mouse will swim, climb and struggle, and only periodically stop in a period of resignation. A depressed mouse will remain in its resigned state longer than one that is healthy. The mice given human-equivalent doses of Accutane tended to show increased depression-related behavior. Accutane producer Roche says, "While no causal relationship has been demonstrated between Accutane and either depression or suicide, we are permanently monitoring all available safety databases on Accutane worldwide." However, the World Health Organization has confirmed 720 cases of psychiatric complications associated to the administration of Accutane, including 84 suicides and suicide attempts. The allegation that isotretinoin caused depression and suicide has won a few lawsuits, and is in part responsible for the strict control of the drug, especially in the US. Several case studies of depression, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide in people treated with the acne skin care isotretinoin have been reported to the U.S. FDA Adverse Events Reporting System, with 431 cases documented between 1982 and May 2001 - of these 37 patients had committed suicide. Idiosyncratic Effects From Acne Skin Care Studies have demonstrated that people with acne, the population group eligible to undergo isotretinoin therapy, have an elevated chance of clinical depression compared with the general population. Isotretinoin associated depression is "an idiosyncratic side effect." Often anxiety can bring on acne and depression, creating more anxiety. Correspondingly, treatment of severe acne using isotretinoin has been demonstrated to minimize anxiety and depression. One study using positron emission tomography (PET) showed functional brain imaging changes in patients using isotretinoin, however the clinical relevance of this finding is unclear.
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